ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Objetivo Medir el riesgo de mortalidad con el índice de fragilidad, el índice de Charlson y el Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) en pacientes adultos mayores. Los tres esquemas son útiles para la evaluación y posterior enfoque del paciente geriátrico. Materiales y métodos Estudio observacional, transversal, analítico, secundario a una base de datos, con un muestreo no probabilístico y de tipo por conveniencia. La base de datos se obtuvo del estudio original "Prevalencia y factores asociados con la fragilidad en adultos mayores peruanos", realizado entre los años 2010 y 2015, en el Servicio Geriátrico del Centro Médico Naval "Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara". En total, se incluyeron 1897 participantes mayores de 60 años. Resultados Los valores de fragilidad encontrados fueron 51,33 % (según el índice de fragilidad), 26,16 % (de acuerdo al SPPB), y 73,47 % (al aplicar el índice de Charlston). La frecuencia de mortalidad en el estudio fue del 10,13 %. Conclusiones Los tres índices comparados en este estudio presentaron significancia para predecir fragilidad. Sin embargo, cuando se realiza el modelo ajustado por sexo, se demuestra que el SPPB y el Índice de Charlson presentan una mayor significancia estadística.
ABSTRACT Objective To quantify the risk of mortality using the Frailty Index, the Charlson Comorbidity Index and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) in elderly patients. Such three instruments are useful to assess and subsequently manage this group of patients. Materials and methods An observational, cross-sectional and analytical study conducted from a secondary database analysis with a non-probability, convenience sampling. The database was collected from the original study "Prevalence and factors associated with frailty in Peruvian older adults" carried out between 2010 and 2015 in the Geriatrics Department of the Centro Médico Naval "Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara." A total of 1,897 participants over 60 years old were included. Results Fragility values accounted for 51.33 %, 26.16 % and 73.47 %, according to the Frailty Index, the SPPB and the Charlson Comorbidity Index, respectively. The mortality rate in the study was 10.13 %. Conclusions The three instruments compared in this study were significant to predict fragility. However, when a sex- adjusted analysis was performed, the SPPB and the Charlson Comorbidity Index showed greater statistical significance.
ABSTRACT
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o limiar de detecção da técnica de PCR multiplex fluorescente aliada a eletroforese capilar na detecção de agentes infecciosos em amostras de sêmen experimentalmente contaminadas com concentrações decrescentes das bactérias Brucella abortus, Leptospira interrogans sorovar pomona, Campylobacter fetus e Haemophilus somnus. Amostras de sêmen bovino foram experimentalmente contaminadas com concentrações decrescentes de bactérias obtidas através de diluições seriadas na base 10 de modo a obter-se amostras contendo desde 1 vez até 10-7 bactérias/mL a partir da concentração inicial de Leptospira pomona, Brucella abortus, Campylobacter fetus e Haemophilus somnus. As diluições foram efetuadas individualmente para cada bactéria, bem como nas diferentes concentrações necessárias para a padronização do teste de multiplex PCR. As extrações de DNA de todas as soluções contendo espermatozóides e bactérias analisadas no presente estudo foram realizadas segundo protocolo descrito por Heinemann et al. (2000). Os produtos de PCR multiplex foram avaliados por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida 8% e separação eletroforética por sistema capilar em equipamento automático de análise de fragmentos de DNA MegaBace. Observou-se a amplificação de fragmentos de 193pb, 330pb, 400pb e 415pb a partir do DNA de B. abortus, L. pomona, H. somnus, C. fetus, respectivamente. Na análise por eletroforese capilar de produtos da PCR multiplex do DNA para detecção simultânea dos quatro patógenos observou-se a sinal de positividade até a diluição de 10-3 bactérias/mL vezes da concentração inicial da solução estoque de cada bactéria. A técnica de PCR multiplex aliada à eletroforese capilar foi usada pela primeira vez para o diagnóstico direto de quatro bactérias patogênicas no sêmen, demonstrando ser um método rápido na detecção de bactérias causadoras de doenças reprodutivas.
This study aimed to evaluate the threshold of detection of fluorescent multiplex PCR coupled with capillary electrophoresis for detection of infectious agents in semen samples from experimentally infected with decreasing concentrations of the bacteria Brucella abortus, Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona, Campylobacter fetus and Haemophilus somnus. Samples of bovine semen were experimentally infected with decreasing concentrations of bacteria obtained from serial dilutions in the base 10 so as to obtain samples containing a long time until 10-7 bacteria/mL from the initial concentration of Lepstospira pomona, Brucella abortus, Haemophilus somnus and Campylobacter fetus. The dilutions were made individually for each bacterium, as well as in different concentrations needed to standardize the multiplex PCR test. DNA extractions of all solutions containing sperm and bacteria analyzed in this study were performed according to protocol described by Heinemann et al. (2000). The multiplex PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis on 8% polyacrylamide gel and capillary electrophoretic separation system for automated equipment in the analysis of DNA fragments MegaBACE. We observed amplification of fragments of 193pb, 330pb, 415pb and 400bp from the DNA of B. abortus, L. pomona, H. somnus, C. fetus respectively. The analysis by capillary electrophoresis of multiplex PCR products of DNA for simultaneous detection of the four pathogens was observed by detecting the dilution of 10-3 bacteria / mL times the initial concentration of the stock solution of each bacterium. The multiplex PCR coupled with capillary electrophoresis was first used for the direct diagnosis of four pathogenic bacteria in semen, proving to be a rapid method to detect bacteria that cause reproductive disorders.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Brucella abortus/isolation & purification , Campylobacter fetus/isolation & purification , Electrophoresis, Capillary/veterinary , Haemophilus somnus/isolation & purification , Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona/isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Semen/immunology , Electrophoresis, Capillary , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Con el objetivo de contribuir al mejor conocimiento de la epidemiología, diagnóstico y evolución de las atresias intestinales en nuestro medio, se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 11 pacientes operados de atresia intestinal en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Docente "Pepe Portilla" de Pinar del Río entre el 1 de Enero de 1999 y el 31 de Diciembre del 2003. En este estudio pudimos observar que el 63.6 % de los casos tuvieron un peso al nacer mayor de 2500 gramos, y el diagnóstico se realizó en las primeras 24 horas de vida en el 54.5 % de los casos. Hubo predominio del sexo masculino y los vómitos estuvieron presentes en todos los pacientes de nuestro estudio. La atresia intestinal estuvo localizada en el yeyuno íleon en el 63.6 % de los casos, siendo las complicaciones sépticas frecuentes. Hubo una supervivencia de 90.9 %.
In order to contribuye to a better understanding of the epidemiology diagnosis and natural history of intestinal atresias in our environment, a retrospective study was carried out with 11 patients operated on due to intestinal atresia at "Pepe Portilla" Provincial Teaching Pediatric Hospital in Pinar del Río, from January 1st. 1999 to December 31st. 2003. In such study we could obsrve that 63,6% of the cases had a birth weight greater than 2500 gr. And the diagnosis was performed during the first 24 hours alter birth in 54.5% of the cases. Masculine sex was predominant, and vomiting was present in all patients of our study. The intestinal atresia was located in jejunum ileum in 63,6% of the cases, and septic complicatins were frequent. There was a 90,9% survival.
ABSTRACT
Las afecciones quirúrgicas en el neonato tienen una alta morbimortalidad, por la condición de recién nacido, los trastornos ocasionados por la enfermedad de base así como por la injuria provocada posteriormente por la intervención quirúrgica. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo por la intervención quirúrgica. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, longitudinal de todos los neonatos a los cuales se le diagnosticó patologías quirúrgicas en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2002 hasta diciembre de 2003 en la provincia de Pinar del Río (Cuba) con el objetivo de analizar el comportamiento diagnóstico y terapéutico de estos pacientes. En esta etapa se intervinieron quirúrgicamente 24 recién nacidos, la mayoría fueron masculinos (17), la operación se realizó con menos de 24 horas de nacido en 14 casos, las afecciones quirúrgicas más frecuentes fueron las de intestino delgado con 7 pacientes y la supervivencia fue de un 100 %, logrando la mejor tasa de supervivencia de los últimos años en este territorio.
Surgical diseases in neonates have a high morbidity because of the condition of being newborn, disorder caused by the underlying disease as well as the injury caused further by surgery. A retrospective, longitudinal study was carried out with all the neonates who where diagnosed to have surgical pathologies from January 2002 to December 2003 in Pinar del Río province, Cuba, aimed at analyzing diagnostic and therapeutic behaviour of these patients. During this period, 24 newborns underwent surgery; most of them were males (17). The surgery was performed in a period of 24 hours after being born in 14 cases, the most frequent surgical diseases were associated with the tenue intestinum in 7 patients and survival was 100 %, achieving the best survival rate during the last few years in the province.